windows cmd or powershell

Personal note

if you also have python experience, some helpful analogs are:

	python	PS(powershell)
variables	var	$var
for loop	for i in ls: …	foreach($i in $ls){ … } or for($i=1;$i -le 10; $i++){echo @($i*2)}

Access/Permission Management

Check if the Admin group:
Get-LocalGroupMember -Group “Administrators”
Or run “lusrmgr.msc” check groups

Ways to set permission:

old fashion way

$ACL = Get-Acl $Path
$AccessRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule($User, "FullControl", "ContainerInherit,ObjectInherit", "None", "Allow")
$ACL.SetAccessRule($AccessRule)
Set-Acl -Path $Path -AclObject $ACL

CLI tool

icacls.exe "./Data" /inheritance:r /grant:r "John":(OI)(CI)F /T /C
/inheritance:r -- disable legacy permissions
/grant:r -- overwrite (r) access
/grant -- add access
(I)(OI)(CI)(IO)(F) in icacls are (I) Inherited, (OI) Object Inherit (files), (CI) Container Inherit (folders), (IO) Inherit Only (does not apply to current folder), and (F) Full Access
/T: Recursively, apply to subfolders
/C: continue at errors

icacls "D:\Target" /reset
/reset: reset access
Note: this cannot be combined with /inheritance, they are the same level commands.

icacls "D:\Target" /grant Administrators:(OI)(CI)F

Ownership

Higher-level lockout

takeown /F D:\YourFolder /A /R /D Y

create softlink

New-Item -ItemType SymbolicLink -Path "C:\Users\Admin\Desktop\LinkedFolder" -Target 
"D:\LockedFolder"

This is fundamentally different from the shortcut in GUI. If you need a .ink for visual interaction, do the following in powershell

$WshShell = New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell
$Shortcut = $WshShell.CreateShortcut("C:\Path\To\Shortcut.lnk")
$Shortcut.TargetPath = "D:\Actual\Folder"
$Shortcut.Save()

/F: folder directory
/A: grant ownership to admin group
/R: recursively
/D Y : set default answer to yes, mainly for subdirectory managing.

Batch run (jobs)

Below is example of batch run a python script in designated virtual environment as a parallelizable job. Note the variables is passed into the job using

-ArgumentList

keyword.

@()

is a sub-expression operator. It can be used to create empty array by

arr=@()

. It is used to run algorithmic operation (multiplication) here.

for($i=4;$i -le 10; $i++){Start-Job {conda activate ENV d:; cd “D:\PATH”; python .\SCRIPT.py –DS $args[0]} -ArgumentList @($i*10);}

File management

rename with PS

Replace the same section of strings with Powershell.
Ref: {StackExchange}

get-childitem *.mp3 | foreach { rename-item $_ $_.Name.Replace("Radiohead -", "") }

Ref: {Link}

Get-ChildItem *.jpg | Rename-Item -NewName { $_.Name -replace '.jpg','.png' }

or a more linux way, thanks to the aliases in powershell

$files=ls; foreach($fs in $files){$fn = $fs.Name; mv $fn $fn.replace('Pattern A', 'Pattern B')}

A demo of for loop and if statement

foreach($f in ls){echo $f.Name; $count=(ls $f|measure).Count; if($count -ne 10000){echo $count}}

• $(var_name) to specify variables

• |

  is pipeline,

  measure

  return number of rows, similar to

  count

• powershell comparison operators:

  -eq

  is equal and

  -ne

  not equal

• foreach

  syntax:

  foreach(condition){operations}

• if

  syntax,

  if(condition){statement}

Zip & Unzip

powershell

foreach($fs in $files){Expand-Archive $fs -DestinationPath "D:\AYX\Rawdon\Supplement_231005\ehm New data\unzipped\$fs.Name.replace('.zip', '')" }

similarly, to zip, use

Compress_archive

command as

Compress_Archive -Path {Files, add to the list} -DestinationPath {YourName.zip}

dos with 7zip

When unzipping 7z files but do not have permission to install, one can use 7zr.exe {Download Link}.
But one must call it with full directory. I tried doskey that claims to resemble ‘alias’ in linux, but it returns help docs only.

{full_dir}\7zr.exe \? # see help
doskey {full_dir}\7zr.exe 7zr # the alias